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Air travel used to be one of the most expensive modes of travel in the 1980s and because of the high cost of operation, price of air tickets was sky-high in that time period, and only few people could afford it. With changes in research and technology, and market structure, it has become one of the most cost-effective travel options, considering benefits. Now, people can easily travel cross borders with cheapest air tickets international, offered by budget carriers. However, the prices have not magically dropped by more than 50 per cent in just a few decades.Hassle-free ToursMany carriers offer flight and hotel packages also, which are usually cheaper and convenient for travellers. They offer complete information of the place of stay and tariffs charged for them. These offers are suitable for leisure travellers, who randomly select a destination and visiting there. It saves time of tourists that they may have wasted in searching a proper accommodation after reaching the destination. However, these budget flights and hotel packages may not be suitable for everyone, as people have their own preferences about accommodation, location of the hotel and seat offered in-flight.New StrategiesA number of strategies and cost cuts have been introduced in order to make it available for a larger section of the society. One such strategy is de-bundling of services offered along with the ticket. It simply means segregating service charges from fuel surcharges and base fare that passengers have to pay. Now, travellers need to pay only for the services they avail like for headsets, Wi-Fi connection and window seats. The other is the increase in the number of seats in the aircraft, so as to offer seats to more people. However, there are a number of steps that can make a journey, especially long-haul journeys.Smart StepsAs advised by frequent travellers, the first and foremost step towards a comfortable journey is a smarty-packed backpack. Irrespective of the destination and number of days of stay, a bag should be as light as possible. Travellers can get bag arrangers, shelves and other accessories that help in keeping it organised and slimmer. It not only eliminates the issues related with carrying it at the terminal, but also passes the security check in just a matter of minutes. People can check the baggage instruction of the respective airline they are travelling with and can avoid the items that they may be asked to remove during checking process.After being done with packing, they can opt for electronic check-in process, which saves a great deal of time. Nowadays, the parking status is also available on the internet that can be tracked down for quick entry and parking at the airport. Many airlines provide this information on telephone, so if it is not available on the internet, they can go for the customer care services to know the current status. Sleeping kit is easily available at the airport stores, which are a must-have product during inter-continental journeys.

A payday loan (also called a paycheck advance or payday advance) is exactly as it sounds… a small, short-term loan that is intended to cover a borrower’s expenses until his or her next payday.Payday loans are only set up to cover the borrower until they receive the next paycheck from their job. It is typically only for a short term period of 7 to 14 days before payment in full is due. Legislation & Laws regarding payday loans can vary widely between different states and even different cities within a state.There are some states and jurisdictions impose strict usury limits and limit the amount of interest a payday lender can charge. Some jurisdictions outlaw payday loans all together. Then some have very few restrictions on payday lenders.Due to the extremely short-term nature of payday loans, the interest and APR can seem very extreme when compared to a traditional personal or signature loan that is normally spread out over a year or more.In very simple terms for each $100 borrowed a typical payday loan could cost anywhere between $15, $20, $25 to as much as $35 depending on the company. So if you borrow $100 dollars today you are required to pay $115 dollars or as much as $135 dollars two weeks from today. This is why it is good to shop around and compare companies.Loan Stores: Borrowers visit a payday loan store and secure a small cash loan, with payment due in full at the borrower’s next paycheck (usually a two week term). The borrower writes a postdated check to the lender in the full amount of the loan plus fees. On the maturity date, the borrower is expected to return to the store to repay the loan in person, and the check is handed back. If the borrower doesn’t repay the loan in person, the lender may process the check traditionally or through electronic withdrawal from the borrower’s checking account.If the account is short on funds to cover the check, the borrower may now face a bounced check fee from their bank in addition to the costs of the loan, and the loan may incur additional fees and/or an increased interest rate as a result of the failure to pay. For customers who cannot pay back the loan when due, it is always best to contact the payday loan company as soon as possible to workout an extension to keep from depositing the check.Payday lenders require the borrower to bring one or more recent pay stubs to prove that they have a steady source of income. The borrower is also required to provide recent bank statements. Every company is a different when it comes to approval. But in general if you can prove you earn enough to cover it then the payday loan is approved.Online Payday Services: Most people feel that going to a payday loan store is kind of an act of last resort. Sort of one step above a pawn shop and viewed as a sign of financial issues. For this reason many people seek a more discreet way of using payday loan services. Thus the dramatic increase in online payday loan companies.Online payday loans are marketed through e-mail, online search, paid ads, and referrals. Typically, a consumer fills out an online application form or faxes a completed application that requests personal information, bank account numbers, proof of income, paystubs etc. The borrowers faxes copies of a check, a recent bank statement, and signed paperwork. Then the loan is approved.The money is direct-deposited into the your checking account. If you the ability to fax from home then you never have to leave your home until you’re withdrawing the money from the ATM. Extremely convenient!And recently some online companies have even been advertising themselves as “no faxing is required”.The significant difference with online payday loan companies is that the loan re-payment is almost always done the same way it was given… through a electronic withdraw from your bank account. Therefore it is very important for you to be confident that the money will be in your checking account and the specific payment due date.Obtaining a payday loan can be a welcomed option in many cases of unexpected emergencies like car repairs, heat goes out in the middle of winter, etc. etc. Also an alternative for people with poor credit because there are no credit checks. You only have to prove that you have the ability to pay back the loan.However, it is important that you are fully aware of the total repayment cost… and confident you will be able to pay it… when it is due… BEFORE you accept the loan.

Flat gardens or Hira-niwa in Japanese do not have hills and do not have any water in the way that a western garden would. The flat area which is essentially made of either sand or more usually gravel IS the water. All Japanese gardens tend to be a lesson in environment and space.Just like in a Zen garden the gravel is raked into swirls and different shapes to give the impression of the movement in a body of water. The ground is usually covered this way and on occasions I have seen flat gardens that use very small pebbles,once again raked in circles and straight lines to give the impression of water ripples.A flat garden can include many familiar ingredients that you would expect when making a Japanese garden. Stones, Rocks, Trees and Shrubs are very common.The trees although natural will be pruned and the low level shrubs and bushes shaped on the edge of the water space.Flat gardens were first designed to interpret and in miniature mimic Japan’s seaside landscapes or some of its grander lakes, a journey through Japanese garden history points to war and water shortages as to why water was replaced by gravel as a ‘dry’ substitute. This is a trend that has continued for hundreds of years even in peacetime and with abundant supplies of water. The Edo period of Japanese history is when flat gardens became very popular.Interestingly water features apart from a body of water are fairly common in a Japanese ‘Flat’ garden. For example, large upright stones can symbolise a waterfall and this something that you can copy for a garden space that you have in mind however large or small.Use non sharp edged rocks or stones (Granite) to depict islands within your gravel water area. 3 together is a popular representation of ‘The Isles of The Immortals’.The Japanese Circle and Gourd Islands are often copied and represented in the gravel water area to add the spirit of enlightenment. You will be able to get the correct rocks and stones from your local aggregate supplier – take some time to consider the shapes that you want and strictly speaking for authenticity you should not use rounded stones.Other ingredients that you may wish to add to a flat garden are stone lanterns, included for the illumination of parts of the garden at night, basins and if you are very ambitious even a well! Well’s are normally constructed out of wood and have some way of getting the water out of the well – a pulley and bucket or a large wooden spoon are common.Stepping stones can be placed across the gravel water area and look very effective if they lead to the far side of the gravel area where a rustic hut or pagoda is located. After the 16th century this was a popular type of design where the hut would be used for the slow and meaningful Tea ceremony.A completed flat garden will give a real impression of depth of space to the viewer as the eye is drawn into the water area with the clipped shrubs on the faraway edge. The stones or rocks placed carefully within the raked gravel ‘water’ area give a feeling of depth and perspective relative to the scale of the garden.As a Zen garden is designed to be viewed from a single space it is exactly the same with a Japanese flat garden. The view is sometimes ‘framed’ when a veranda door is opened or when looking through a larger window into the garden itself.The viewer’s eyes are drawn across the water to the carefully clipped low level shrubs and plants like Lilies or Azeleas. In Japan plantings are deliberately made in a flat garden to show off the seasons.Maples for the autumn, Cherry blossom looks its best in Spring, the soothing impression of water signifies summer and something like a Black Pine denotes the winter.Flat gardens became an alternative to hill gardens in Japan as were amongst the first residential gardens added to the homes of ordinary Japanese people and they continue to be a wonderful type of garden today for any yard or garden area.I believe a ‘Flat’ or Hira-niwa garden is a cost effective and beautiful option for a domestic Japanese garden as it includes some of the essential ingredients needed for a Japanese garden as well as the classic Japanese garden design method of borrowed scenery. This is where the designer either copies a specific landscape in miniature or use existing scenery such as a hill located outside of the flat garden space to include it in the overall garden view.But, lets face it, not many of us have a natural piece of landscape that we can include in our overall design so just the copying of a real or imaginary landscape will be more than enough. Creating miniature landscapes allows your creative juices to flow and your imagination to run wild! All the more reason to get started on building your dream Japanese garden space. To find out more and get some really inspiring ideas for creating your own Japanese style garden get a free copy of my book today!